eb6dff5478
- Update nixos iso - Make sure to be root before parting and give instructions for checking UEFI vs. legacy - Instead of making user replace automatically generated nixos config, explain how to add options. - Add boot.loader options directly to hardware-configuration.nix - Copy .gitignore when setting up a deployment dir - Stress that the first config that is deployed remotely must include ssh key. - Debian: 9 Strech -> Debian 10 Buster - nix: 2.3.3 -> 2.3.10
282 lines
7.9 KiB
Markdown
282 lines
7.9 KiB
Markdown
Preliminary steps
|
|
---
|
|
Get a machine to deploy nix-bitcoin on (see [hardware.md](hardware.md)).
|
|
|
|
# Tutorials
|
|
|
|
1. [Install and configure NixOS for nix-bitcoin on your own hardware](#tutorial-install-and-configure-nixos-for-nix-bitcoin-on-your-own-hardware)
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
Tutorial: install and configure NixOS for nix-bitcoin on your own hardware
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
## 0. Preparation
|
|
|
|
1. Optional: Make sure you have the latest firmware for your system (BIOS, microcode updates).
|
|
|
|
2. Optional: Disable Simultaneous Multi-Threading (SMT) in the BIOS
|
|
|
|
Researchers recommend disabling (SMT), also known as Hyper-Threading Technology in the Intel® world to significantly reduce the impact of speculative execution-based attacks (https://mdsattacks.com/).
|
|
|
|
## 1. NixOS installation
|
|
|
|
This is borrowed from the [NixOS manual](https://nixos.org/nixos/manual/index.html#ch-installation). Look there for more information.
|
|
|
|
1. Obtain latest [NixOS](https://nixos.org/nixos/download.html). For example:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
wget https://releases.nixos.org/nixos/20.09/nixos-20.09.2405.e065200fc90/nixos-minimal-20.09.2405.e065200fc90-i686-linux.iso
|
|
sha256sum nixos-minimal-20.09.2405.e065200fc90-x86_64-linux.iso
|
|
# output: 5fc182e27a71a297b041b5c287558b21bdabde7068d4fc049752dad3025df867
|
|
```
|
|
Alternatively you can build NixOS from source by following the instructions at https://nixos.org/nixos/manual/index.html#sec-building-cd.
|
|
|
|
2. Write NixOS iso to install media (USB/CD). For example:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
cp nixos-minimal-20.09.2405.e065200fc90-x86_64-linux.iso /dev/sdX
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Replace /dev/sdX with the correct device name. You can find this using `sudo fdisk -l`
|
|
|
|
3. Boot the system and become root
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
sudo -i
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You will have to find out if your hardware uses UEFI or Legacy Boot for the next step. You can do that, for example, by executing
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
ls /sys/firmware/efi
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
If the file exists exists, you should continue the installation for UEFI otherwise for Legacy Boot.
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. Option 1: Partition and format for UEFI
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
parted /dev/sda -- mklabel gpt
|
|
parted /dev/sda -- mkpart primary 512MiB -8GiB
|
|
parted /dev/sda -- mkpart primary linux-swap -8GiB 100%
|
|
parted /dev/sda -- mkpart ESP fat32 1MiB 512MiB
|
|
parted /dev/sda -- set 3 boot on
|
|
mkfs.ext4 -L nixos /dev/sda1
|
|
mkswap -L swap /dev/sda2
|
|
mkfs.fat -F 32 -n boot /dev/sda3
|
|
mount /dev/disk/by-label/nixos /mnt
|
|
mkdir -p /mnt/boot
|
|
mount /dev/disk/by-label/boot /mnt/boot
|
|
swapon /dev/sda2
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
4. Option 2: Partition and format for Legacy Boot (MBR)
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
parted /dev/sda -- mklabel msdos
|
|
parted /dev/sda -- mkpart primary 1MiB -8GiB
|
|
parted /dev/sda -- mkpart primary linux-swap -8GiB 100%
|
|
mkfs.ext4 -L nixos /dev/sda1
|
|
mkswap -L swap /dev/sda2
|
|
mount /dev/disk/by-label/nixos /mnt
|
|
swapon /dev/sda2
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
4. Option 3: Set up encrypted partitions:
|
|
|
|
Follow the guide at https://gist.github.com/martijnvermaat/76f2e24d0239470dd71050358b4d5134.
|
|
|
|
5. Generate NixOS config
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
nixos-generate-config --root /mnt
|
|
nano /mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
We now need to adjust the configuration to make sure that we can ssh into the system and that it boots correctly. We add some lines to set `services.openssh` such that the configuration looks as follows:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
{ config, pkgs, ... }:
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
imports = [
|
|
...
|
|
];
|
|
|
|
# Enable the OpenSSH server.
|
|
services.openssh = {
|
|
enable = true;
|
|
permitRootLogin = "yes";
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
# The rest of the file are default options and hints.
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Now we open `hardware-configuration.nix`
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
nano /mnt/etc/nixos/hardware-configuration.nix
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
which will look similar to
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
{ config, pkgs, ... }:
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
imports = [ ];
|
|
|
|
# Add line here as explained below
|
|
|
|
# The rest of the file are generated options.
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Now add one of the following lines to the location mentioned in above example hardware config.
|
|
|
|
**Option 1**: UEFI
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
boot.loader.systemd-boot.enable = true;
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
**Option 2**: Legacy Boot (MBR)
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
boot.loader.grub.device = "/dev/sda";
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Lastly, in rare circumstances the hardware configuration does not have a `fileSystems` option. In that case you need to add it with the folllowing line:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
fileSystems."/".device = "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos";
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
6. Do the installation
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
nixos-install
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Set root password
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
setting root password...
|
|
Enter new UNIX password:
|
|
Retype new UNIX password:
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
7. If everything went well
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
reboot
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## 2. Nix installation
|
|
The following steps are meant to be run on the machine you deploy from, not the machine you deploy to.
|
|
You can also build Nix from source by following the instructions at https://nixos.org/nix/manual/#ch-installing-source.
|
|
|
|
1. Install Dependencies (Debian 10 Buster)
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
sudo apt-get install curl git gnupg2 dirmngr
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
2. Install latest Nix in "multi-user mode" with GPG Verification according to https://nixos.org/nix/download.html
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
curl -o install-nix-2.3.10 https://releases.nixos.org/nix/nix-2.3.10/install
|
|
curl -o install-nix-2.3.10.asc https://releases.nixos.org/nix/nix-2.3.10/install.asc
|
|
gpg2 --recv-keys B541D55301270E0BCF15CA5D8170B4726D7198DE
|
|
gpg2 --verify ./install-nix-2.3.10.asc
|
|
sh ./install-nix-2.3.10 --daemon
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Then follow the instructions. Open a new terminal window when you're done.
|
|
|
|
If you get an error similar to
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
error: cloning builder process: Operation not permitted
|
|
error: unable to start build process
|
|
/tmp/nix-binary-tarball-unpack.hqawN4uSPr/unpack/nix-2.2.1-x86_64-linux/install: unable to install Nix into your default profile
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
you're likely not installing as multi-user because you forgot to pass the `--daemon` flag to the install script.
|
|
|
|
3. Optional: Disallow substitutes
|
|
|
|
You can put `substitute = false` to your `nix.conf` usually found in `/etc/nix/` to build the packages from source.
|
|
This eliminates an attack vector where nix's build server or binary cache is compromised.
|
|
|
|
## 3. Setup deployment directory
|
|
|
|
1. Clone this project
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
cd
|
|
git clone https://github.com/fort-nix/nix-bitcoin
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
2. Obtain the hash of the latest nix-bitcoin release
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
cd nix-bitcoin/examples
|
|
nix-shell
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
This will download the nix-bitcoin dependencies and might take a while without giving an output.
|
|
Now in the nix-shell run
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
fetch-release > nix-bitcoin-release.nix
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
3. Create a new directory for your nix-bitcoin deployment and copy initial files from nix-bitcoin
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
cd ../../
|
|
mkdir nix-bitcoin-node
|
|
cd nix-bitcoin-node
|
|
# TODO
|
|
cp -r ../nix-bitcoin/examples/{configuration.nix,shell.nix,nix-bitcoin-release.nix,.gitignore} .
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## 4. Deploy with TODO
|
|
1. TODO
|
|
2. Edit `configuration.nix`
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
nano configuration.nix
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Uncomment `./hardware-configuration.nix` line by removing #.
|
|
|
|
3. Create `hardware-configuration.nix`.
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
nano hardware-configuration.nix
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Copy contents of your NixOS machine's `/etc/nixos/hardware-configuration.nix` to this file.
|
|
|
|
4. Enter environment
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
nix-shell
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
NOTE that a new directory `secrets/` appeared which contains the secrets for your node.
|
|
|
|
5. TODO
|
|
6. Adjust configuration by opening the `configuration.nix` file and enable/disable the modules you want by editing this file. Pay particular attention to lines that are preceded by `FIXME` comments. Make sure to set your SSH pubkey. Otherwise, you loose remote access because the config does not enable `permitRootLogin` (unless you add that manually).
|
|
|
|
7. TODO
|
|
|
|
For security reasons, all normal system management tasks can and should be performed with the `operator` user. Logging in as `root` should be done as rarely as possible.
|
|
|
|
See [usage.md](usage.md) for usage instructions, such as how to update.
|